🌿 Medicinal Plants Database

154 Total Plants
14 Main Categories
83 Sub Categories
Antihyperlipidemic Herbs
Hyperlipidemia 7 plants
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Artichoke Cynara scolymus Leaves Caffeic acid derivs., Flavonoids, Sesquiterpene lactones Inhibits HMG-CoA reductase; reduces cholesterol synthesis and LDL oxidation
Fenugreek Trigonella foenum-graecum Seeds Fiber, saponins, flavonoids Increases bile acid excretion; reduces intestinal cholesterol absorption
Garlic Allium sativum Bulbs Allicin, ajoene Inhibits cholesterol synthesis; increases TG degradation via lipase; raises HDL
Gugulipid Commiphora mukul Resin (from bark) Guggulsterones Increases hepatic uptake of LDL/VLDL; inhibits cholesterol synthesis; increases bile excretion
Psyllium Plantago psyllium Seeds Mucilage, fiber Reduces cholesterol absorption via binding and slowed diffusion
Red Yeast Rice Monascus purpureus (fermented rice) Fermented rice Monacolin K (lovastatin) Inhibits HMG-CoA reductase
Soy Glycine max Soy lecithin (from beans) Phospholipids, phytosterols Reduces cholesterol absorption and synthesis
Antioxidant
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Soybean Glycine max Seed Isoflavones Antioxidant, anti-atherosclerotic
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Garlic Allium sativum Bulb Allicin Antioxidant, reduces MDA, anti-atherosclerotic, reduces CRP
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Green Tea Camellia sinensis Leaves Catechins, caffeine, theobromine, polyphenols Antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial, antidiarrheal, CNS stimulation, antiplaque
Oxidative Stress 6 plants
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Aloe vera Aloe vera Gel, latex Polysaccharides, anthraquinones Antioxidant, reduces oxidative stress
Chamomile Matricaria chamomilla Flowers Apigenin, bisabolol Antioxidant
Ginger Zingiber officinale Rhizome Gingerols, shogaols Antioxidant, reduces MDA
Parsley Petroselinum crispum Leaves, root Apigenin, myristicin Antioxidant
Spearmint Mentha spicata Leaves Menthol, polyphenols Antioxidant, reduces MDA
Stonebreaker Phyllanthus niruri Whole plant Phyllanthin, hypophyllanthin Antioxidant, reduces oxidative stress
Oxidative Stress, Atherosclerosis 2 plants
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Grape Vitis vinifera L. Fruit, seed, leaf, juice Proanthocyanidins (PAC), resveratrol, flavonoids Antioxidant, antiatherosclerotic, anticarcinogenic, hepatoprotective, vascular effects, hair growth promotion
Pomegranate Punica granatum Fruit, peel Polyphenols, punicalagins Antioxidant, reduces MDA, reduces CRP
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Turmeric Curcuma longa Rhizome Curcumin Antioxidant, reduces MDA, reduces CRP
Cardiovascular Disease
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Danshen Salvia miltiorrhiza Root Tanshinones Coronary vasodilator, antiplatelet, anti-ischemic
CHF 6 plants
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Adonis Adonis vernalis Aerial part Cardenolides, flavonoids Mild positive inotropic
Arjun tree Terminalia arjuna Bark Tannins, steroids, flavonoids Cardioprotective, anti-ischemic
Foxglove Digitalis purpurea Leaf Cardiac glycosides Strong positive inotropic
Ginseng Panax ginseng Root Triterpene saponins Cardiotonic, vasodilator
Hawthorn Crataegus laevigata Flower, leaf, fruit Flavonoids, proanthocyanidins Positive inotropic, vasodilator, antiarrhythmic, hypolipidemic
Lily-of-the-valley Convallaria majalis Aerial part Cardenolides Mild positive inotropic
Chronic Venous Insufficiency 4 plants
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Bilberry Vaccinium myrtillus Fruit Anthocyanins Capillary integrity, antiplatelet
Gotu kola Centella asiatica Leaf, stem Triterpenoids Increases collagen synthesis, improves venous elasticity
Horse chestnut Aesculus hippocastanum Seed Aescin, flavonoids Venotonic, anti-inflammatory, reduces edema
Pycnogenol (Pine bark) Pinus pinaster Bark Procyanidins Antioxidant, venotonic, improves microcirculation
Hypertension 3 plants
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Garlic Allium sativum Bulb Alliins Vasodilator, antiplatelet, hypolipidemic
Onion Allium cepa Bulb Alliins, flavonoids Mild antihypertensive
Snakeroot Rauwolfia serpentina Root Reserpine, ajmaline Sympatholytic, vasodilator
Dermatology
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Tea Tree Melaleuca alternifolia Essential Oil Terpinen-4-ol, gamma-terpinene, alpha-terpinene, cineol Antiseptic, Antibacterial, Antifungal, Antiviral, Anti-inflammatory
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Oats Avena sativa Seeds, Straw Saponins, Sterols, Flavonoids, Starch, Proteins, Vitamins Emollient, Anti-inflammatory, Soothing, Cleansing
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Witch Hazel Hamamelis virginiana Bark, Leaf Flavonoids, Tannins, Volatile oils Astringent, Anti-inflammatory, Wound Healing
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Marshmallow Althaea officinalis Root, Leaves, Flowers Mucilage (11%), Pectin (11%), Flavonoids, Phenolic acids Skin Soothing, Anti-inflammatory
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Arnica Arnica montana Flower Sesquiterpene lactones, Flavonoids, Triterpenes, Pyrolizidine alkaloids Anti-inflammatory, Anti-ecchymotic, Analgesic
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Comfrey / Knitbone Symphytum officinale Herb, Radix Allantoin, Mucilage, Rosmarinic acid, Tannins Demulcent, Astringent, Anti-inflammatory, Wound Healing
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Marigold / Calendula Calendula officinalis Flower Flavonoids, Triterpenes, Volatile oil, Phytosterols Anti-inflammatory, Wound Healing, Astringent, Relieves muscle spasms
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Aloe Vera Aloe vera (syn. Aloe barbadensis) Leaf Gel Polysaccharides, Glucomannan, Enzymes, Saponins, Tannins Wound Healing, Emollient, Anti-inflammatory
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Lavender Lavandula angustifolia Flowers - Essential oil Linalyl acetate, Linalool, Cineole Antimicrobial, Wound Healing, Anti-inflammatory
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Lemon Balm Melissa officinalis Aerial Parts Volatile oil (citral), Flavonoids, Polyphenols, Tannins Antiviral, Anti-herpetic
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
German Chamomile Matricaria recutita Flower Heads Volatile oil (proazulenes, alpha-bisabolol), Flavonoids, Coumarins Anti-inflammatory, Anti-allergenic, Wound Healing
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Gotu Kola / Hydrocotyle Centella asiatica Aerial Parts Triterpenes (asiaticoside, madecassoside), Flavonoids, Volatile oils Wound Healing, Anti-inflammatory, Peripheral Vasodilator
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
St. John’s Wort Hypericum perforatum Herb (Macerated oil) Phloroglucinols (hyperforin), Polycyclic diones (hypericin), Flavonoids Wound Healing, Anti-inflammatory
Digestive System
Constipation 4 plants
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Frangula Frangula alnus Bark Anthraquinone glycosides Stimulant laxative
Psyllium Plantago psyllium Seeds Mucilage (10–30%) Bulk-forming laxative
Rhubarb Rheum palmatum Rhizome/root Anthraquinone glycosides Laxative
Senna Cassia angustifolia Leaves, pods Sennosides A & B Stimulant laxative
Diarrhea 4 plants
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Bilberry Vaccinium myrtillus Fruit Tannins, flavonoids Antidiarrheal, astringent
Blackberry Rubus fruticosus Leaves Tannins (14%), flavonoids Antidiarrheal, astringent
Green banana Musa paradisiaca Unripe fruit Pectins Antidiarrheal, SCFA production
Tea Camellia sinensis Leaves Tannins, caffeine Astringent, antidiarrheal
Dyspepsia, Indigestion & Appetite Stimulation 11 plants
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Amla Emblica officinalis Fruit pericarp Tannins, vitamin C Anti-inflammatory, antioxidant
Anise Pimpinella anisum Fruit VO (anethole) Carminative, digestive
Bitter orange peel Citrus aurantium Fruit peel VO, flavonoids, synephrine Choleretic, anti-inflammatory
Blessed thistle Cnicus benedictus Herb Cnicin Stimulates gastric secretion
Caraway Carum carvi Fruit VO (carvone, limonene) Carminative, spasmolytic, antimicrobial
Centaury Centaurium erythrea Aerial parts Iridoid glycosides Bitter digestive, appetite stimulant
Chili pepper Capsicum annuum Fruit Capsaicin Desensitizes neurons, reduces pain
Fennel Foeniculum vulgare Fruit VO (anethole, fenchone) Carminative, digestive
Gentian Gentiana lutea Root Iridoid glycosides Bitter stimulant, increases gastric secretion
Ginger Zingiber officinale Rhizome Gingerols, shogaols Antiemetic, prokinetic, anti-inflammatory
Wormwood Artemisia absinthium Aerial parts Absinthin, VO (thujone) Bitter digestive, choleretic
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Peppermint oil Mentha piperita Volatile oil Menthol, menthone Antispasmodic, carminative
Oral Inflammation & Ulcers 4 plants
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Aloe gel Aloe vera Leaf parenchyma Mucilage, anthraquinones, polysaccharides Anti-inflammatory, wound healing
Marshmallow Althaea officinalis Roots Mucilage (25–35%) Demulcent, protects mucosa
Myrrh Commiphora myrrha Oleogum resin Resin, gum, VO, sesquiterpenes Astringent, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial
Propolis - Resin Flavonoids, CAPE Anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, ulcer healing
Gynecological Disorders
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Soybean Glycine max Seeds (soybean) Isoflavones (genistein, daidzein) Phytoestrogenic; cholesterol-lowering; anticancer potential
Menopause Symptoms 2 plants
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Black Cohosh Cimicifuga racemosa Rhizome / roots Triterpene glycosides (actein, cimicifugoside) Estrogen-like effect; suppresses LH; mild sedative
Red Clover Trifolium pratense Flower heads Formononetin, flavonoids, coumarins Phytoestrogenic; relieves vasomotor symptoms
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Chasteberry Vitex agnus-castus Ripe berries Casticin, iridoid glycosides, volatile oil Dopaminergic action; reduces prolactin, enhances progesterone
Hemorrhoids
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Ginkgo / Maiden hair tree Ginkgo biloba Leaves Terpenoids (bilobalide, ginkgolides), flavonoids Antioxidant, anti-PAF, improves cerebral and peripheral blood flow, used in dementia, tinnitus, claudication
Hemorrhoids 5 plants
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Butcher's broom Ruscus aculeatus Root Steroidal saponins (ruscogenin), benzofuranes Improves venous tone, used for hemorrhoids
Horse chestnut Aesculus hippocastanum Seed Flavonoids, triterpene saponins (aescin), coumarins Improves venous tone, anti-inflammatory, anti-edema, used for hemorrhoids
Poplar Populus alba, P. nigra, P. tremula Bark, leaf Glycosides and esters yielding salicylic acid Likely anti-inflammatory (not specified in detail)
Sweet clover Melilotus officinalis Aerial parts Coumarins, flavonoids, triterpene saponins Not specified in detail (likely circulatory support)
Witch hazel Hamamelis virginiana Leaf, bark Tannins, procyanidins Astringent, reduces itching, soreness, bleeding in hemorrhoids
Immune System
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Umckaloabo Pelargonium sidoides Aerial parts Polyphenols, coumarins Antimicrobial, immunomodulatory
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Andrographis Andrographis paniculata Aerial parts Diterpenoid lactones (andrographolides), flavonoids Immune enhancing; antigen-specific and non-specific immune stimulation
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Echinacea Echinacea spp. Root, aerial parts, flowers Polysaccharides, caffeic acid derivatives (cynarin, cichoric acid), alkylamides Immunostimulant; enhances phagocytosis, increases T-cell proliferation
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Astragalus Astragalus membranaceus Root Triterpene saponins (astragalosides), isoflavonoids, polysaccharides Immunomodulating, antiviral, memory improvement, hepatoprotective
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Elder Sambucus nigra Fruit Anthocyanins, flavonoids, organic acids Antiviral (influenza A and B), anti-inflammatory
Inflammatory Diseases
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Frankincense Boswellia serrata Resin Boswellic acids, volatile oils (α-thujene, p-cymene) 5-LOX inhibition, leukotriene biosynthesis inhibition, elastase inhibition
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Stinging nettle Urtica dioica Aerial parts Flavonoids (quercetin), amines (histamine, serotonin), glucoquinone, minerals COX and LOX inhibition, cytokine inhibition
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Rosehip Rosa canina Fruit with seeds and hypanthium Galactolipid fraction, Vitamin C Anti-inflammatory, chondroprotective; NO and IL-1β inhibition
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Devil's claw Harpagophytum procumbens Root Iridoids (harpagoside, harpagide), phytosterols, triterpenes (oleanolic acid), phenols Anti-inflammatory, antirheumatic, analgesic; 5-LOX inhibition
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Willow Salix spp. Bark Salicylic glycosides (salicin, salicortin) Anti-inflammatory, analgesic; converted to salicylic acid
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Ginger Zingiber officinale Rhizome Volatile oils (shogaol, zingiberon), sesquiterpene lactones COX-1/COX-2 inhibition, 5-LOX inhibition, iNOS inhibition, T-cell proliferation inhibition
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Turmeric Curcuma longa Rhizome Curcuminoids COX and LOX inhibition, proinflammatory cytokine inhibition, NF-κB inhibition
Liver Disorders
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Milk thistle Silybum marianum Seed Flavonolignans (Silymarin: silybin, silydianin, silychristin), flavonoids Antioxidant, free-radical scavenger, stimulates RNA polymerase I, enhances liver regeneration, hepatoprotective
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Black catnip Phyllanthus amarus Aerial part Tannins, flavonoids, lignans (phyllanthin, hypophyllanthin) Antiviral effect, hepatitis B treatment
General Hepatoprotection 5 plants
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Liquorice Glycyrrhiza glabra Root Triterpene saponins, flavonoids Hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory
Picrorhiza Picrorhiza kurroa Rhizome Iridoids Hepatoprotective
Schizandra Schizandra chinensis Fruit Volatile oil, ascorbic acid, lignans Hepatoprotective, adaptogenic
Soy Glycine max Soy lecithin from beans Phospholipids, phytosterols, fatty oil Hepatoprotective, lipid metabolism support
Turmeric Curcuma longa Rhizome Volatile oil, curcuminoids Anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, hepatoprotective
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Globe artichoke Cynara scolymus Leaves Phenolic acids (cynarin) Hepatoprotective, hepatoregenerating, hypolipidaemic
Metabolic Disease
Diabetes 6 plants
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Bitter Melon Momordica charantia Fruit Charantin, Polypeptide-P, Momordicin Acts on hepatic insulin receptors (PI3K pathway); hypoglycemic.
Fenugreek Trigonella foenum-graecum Defatted Seeds Galactomannans (soluble fiber) Delays carbohydrate absorption, influences insulin activity, improves lipid profile.
Garlic Allium sativum Bulb Allicin, sulfur compounds Lowers blood glucose, increases serum insulin.
Ginseng Panax ginseng Root (6-year-old) Glycans (Panaxans), Ginsenosides Increases insulin secretion & receptor count; decreases insulin resistance; inhibits hepatic glucose output.
Gymnema Gymnema sylvestre Leaves Gymnemic acids, Gurmarin Increases insulin secretion and glucose uptake; reduces intestinal glucose absorption; suppresses sweet taste.
Onion Allium cepa Bulb Allyl propyl disulphide (APDS) Lowers blood glucose, increases serum insulin.
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Cinnamon Cinnamomum spp. Bark Cinnamaldehyde, Procyanidins Inhibits α-amylase/glucosidase; increases glucose uptake; insulin sensitizing.
Obesity 4 plants
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Bladderwrack Fucus vesiculosus Thallus Iodine salts, Polysaccharides Provides iodine for thyroid hormone synthesis (T3, T4), which stimulates metabolism.
Ephedra Ephedra sinica Aerial Parts Ephedrine, Pseudoephedrine CNS stimulant; increases metabolic rate & thermogenesis in adipose tissue.
Garcinia Garcinia cambogia Fruit Pericarp Hydroxycitric Acid (HCA) Inhibits citrate lyase, suppressing fatty acid synthesis and promoting glycogen storage.
Guarana Paullinia cupana Seeds Caffeine (4-8%), Catechins CNS stimulant; reduces appetite and food intake.
Obesity, Hyperlipidemia 2 plants
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Guar Gum Cyamopsis tetragonolobus Seed Endosperm Galactomannan (fiber) Reduces glucose & cholesterol absorption; bulk-forming agent.
Psyllium Plantago psyllium Seed Husk Mucilage Bulking agent; increases satiety, slows sugar absorption, binds cholesterol/bile acids.
Nervous System
Anxiety, Insomnia 5 plants
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Chamomile Matricaria recutita Flowers (capitulum) Apigenin, Bisabolol, Chamazulene Mild sedative, anxiolytic, anti-inflammatory
Kava Piper methysticum Root, rhizome Kavapyrones (Kavain) Anxiolytic, muscle relaxant, GABA receptor binding
Lavender Lavandula angustifolia Flower buds Linalool, Linalyl acetate Sedative, anticonvulsant, calming
Lemon Balm Melissa officinalis Leaves Volatile oil, flavonoids Calming, anxiolytic, digestive aid
Passionflower Passiflora incarnata Flowering aerial parts Flavonoids, Maltol Anxiolytic, sedative, GABA receptor ligand
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
St. John's Wort Hypericum perforatum Flowering herb Hypericin, Hyperforin Antidepressant, MAO inhibitor, neurotransmitter reuptake inhibition
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Hops Humulus lupulus Strobiles Lupulone, Humulone, 2-Methyl-3-buten-2-ol Mild sedative, calming
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Valerian Valeriana officinalis Root, rhizome Valerenic acid, Valepotriates Anxiolytic, sedative, GABAergic effect
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Feverfew Tanacetum parthenium Leaves, aerial parts Parthenolide Antimigraine, anti-inflammatory, platelet inhibition
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Ginkgo Ginkgo biloba Leaves Ginkgo flavon glycosides, terpene lactones Cerebral circulation improvement, neuroprotective
Respiratory System
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Butterbur Petasites hybridus Leaf, root Sesquiterpenes (petasin, isopetasin), volatile oils Antispasmodic, vasoactive; inhibits leukotriene synthesis
Bronchitis, Cough 2 plants
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Cowslip Primula veris Root Triterpene saponins (primulasaponins), phenolic glycosides Expectorant; reflex stimulation of respiratory secretion
English ivy Hedera helix Leaf Saponins (hederasaponin B and C), sterols, flavonoids (rutin), caffeic acid esters Expectorant, spasmolytic; increases bronchial secretions
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Thyme Thymus vulgaris Aerial parts Volatile oils (thymol, carvacrol), flavonoids, saponins, bitter compounds Secretolytic, secretomotor, broncholytic, antibacterial
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Eucalyptus Eucalyptus globulus Leaf Volatile oils (eucalyptol=1,8-cineol 85%), flavonoids (rutin, hyperin), phenolics Mucolytic, expectorant, antiseptic, febrifuge
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Anise Pimpinella anisum Fruit (volatile oil) Volatile oil (anethole) Expectorant, spasmolytic
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Licorice Glycyrrhiza glabra Root Triterpene saponins (glycyrrhizic acid), flavonoids (liquiritin, glabrol) Expectorant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Linden Tilia spp. Inflorescence Mucilage, flavonoids, volatile oils (linalool) Anti-inflammatory, antitussive, diaphoretic, emollient
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Iceland moss Cetraria islandica Thallus Mucilage (50%), lichenin, isolichenin Demulcent, antitussive, nutritive
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
English plantain Plantago lanceolata Leaf Mucilage (2-6%), rhamnogalacturonan, arabinogalactans Demulcent, antitussive
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Mullein Verbascum densiflorum Flower Mucilage (3%), xyloglucan, arabinogalactans Demulcent, antitussive; soothes throat irritation
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Marshmallow Althaea officinalis Root, leaf Mucilage (5-10%), galacturonic acid, glucuronic acid Demulcent, antitussive; forms protective layer on mucosa
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Ipecac Cephaelis ipecacuanha Root Alkaloids (emetine, cepheline) Expectorant (low dose), emetic (high dose)
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Niaouli Melaleuca viridiflora Leaf (volatile oil) Eucalyptol (50-70%), terpinenol (15%), nerolidol, linalool Antiseptic, expectorant; used in inhalation therapy
Urinary Tract
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) 2 plants
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Pumpkin Cucurbita pepo Seed Fatty oils, Beta-sitosterol, Cucurbitacins Anti-inflammatory. Used in early-stage prostatitis and BPH.
Saw Palmetto Serenoa repens Fruit Fatty acids, Phytosterols (Beta-sitosterol) Inhibits 5-alpha-reductase and aromatase. Anti-inflammatory. Reduces BPH symptoms (nocturia, dysuria).
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Stinging Nettle Urtica dioica Leaf Flavonoids, Minerals (Potassium, Iron), Silicic acid Diuretic (contains potassium), supports adrenal and kidney functions. Often used in BPH combinations.
Diuretic 5 plants
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Bermuda Grass Cynodon dactylon Rhizome Starch Diuretic, Laxative.
European Goldenrod Solidago virga-aurea Flowering herbs Triterpene saponins, Flavonoids, Phenolic acids Diuretic. Enhances kidney function and fluid elimination. Used in acute nephritis with oliguria/anuria.
Horsetail Equisetum arvense Aerial parts Flavonoids, Silica (SiO2), Caffeic acid esters Mild diuretic. Used for urinary system problems, kidney stones, and static edema.
Java Tea Orthosiphon stamineus Leaf Flavonoids (Sinensetin), Potassium salts, Caffeic acid derivatives Strong diuretic. Enhances elimination of fluids, nitrogenous waste, and NaCl. Useful in chronic nephritis.
Witch Grass (Couch Grass) Elymus repens (Agropyron repens) Rhizome Mucilage, Osmotic sugars (Fructans, Mannitol), Agropyrene (in Volatile Oil) Gentle osmotic diuretic. Sugars in glomerular filtrate carry water, increasing urine output. Also has urinary antiseptic properties.
Diuretic (Cautious Use) 2 plants
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Common Juniper Juniperus communis Fruit Volatile Oil (0.2-2%), Juniperin (bitter component) Diuretic. Used for enuresis in children. Caution: Kidney irritation with long-term use.
Parsley Petroselinum crispum Leaf, Seed Flavonoids (Apigenin, Myristicin), Volatile Oil (Apiol), Vitamins Diuretic (increases urine volume, not electrolytes). Seeds have stronger effect. Caution: May increase Na+ retention.
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Heather Calluna vulgaris Leaf Tannins, Phenolic glycosides (including low arbutin) Urinary disinfectant, diuretic, astringent. Used in weight-loss teas.
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Corn Silk Zea mays Style (Stigma) Flavonoids, Potassium salts, Allantoin Mild diuretic, soothes urinary tract mucosa. Adjunct in weight-loss diets.
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Strawflower Helichrysum sp. Flowers Flavonoids Diuretic, urinary antiseptic. Reported dissolving effect on calcium oxalate stones.
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Crampbark (Guelder Rose) Viburnum opulus Fruit Anthocyanins, Tannins, Organic acids (Isovaleric acid) Diuretic. Used traditionally against kidney stones.
Urinary Tract Infections (UTI) 2 plants
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Bearberry Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Leaf Phenolic glycosides (Arbutin, Methylarbutin), Gallotannins, Flavonoids Urinary antiseptic. Arbutin is hydrolyzed to hydroquinone in alkaline urine (pH>8) for antibacterial activity.
Cranberry Vaccinium macrocarpon Fruit, Fruit juice Proanthocyanidins (condensed tannins), Organic acids (Malic, Quinic, Benzoic), Anthocyanins Inhibits bacterial (esp. E. coli) adhesion to the urinary tract mucosa. Prevents recurrent UTIs.
English Name Latin Name Part Used Main Constituents Function & Effect
Celery Apium graveolens Seed Flavonoids, Furanocoumarins, Fatty oil Urinary antiseptic. Alleviates symptoms of BPH.